Create a Arduino UNO PCB

In this exercise we will create a  Arduino UNO PCB from scratch,  we will be able to customize it as you like. We will all, from the schematic through design, component creation, sourcing, creating the PCB, put rivets and welding components. We tried realiazr programming board with Atmel Studio programmer, but there were compatibility issues bookstores and Arduino, so this step can not do it now, if you can do it will post later.
Well to start with all this we must know what an Arduino UNO.
Arduino UNO is a microcontroller plate hardware is free, that is, we can make copies of it because it was invented as an educational support. It incorporates a reprogrammable microcontroller and a series of pin female (which are attached to the E/S of microcontroller pin) for connecting there easily and comfortably different sensors and actuators.
When we talk about hardware board, we are referring specifically to a PCB (Printed Circuit Board). The PCB surfaces are made of a nonconductive material (typically fiberglass resin, ceramic or plastic) laminated on which conductor tracks (copper) materials appear. PCBs are used to electrically connect, via the conducting paths, different electronic components soldered to it. A PCB is more compact and stable way to construct an electronic circuit.
All Arduino microcontrollers are the type AVR architecture developed by ATMEL. Mainly Arduino Uno has the ATMEGA 328P, and also accurate to schedule the ATMEGA16U2 USB, a USB to TTL converter.



In this picture we can see the step ATMEGA328P and identify ports for programming.
Then the ATMEGA16U2.



Once the introduction of what the microcontroller, we need to know what leads a microcontroller system inside.



We have understood what we will do, let's start making our Arduino UNO as REV.3, so we need the schematic we can consult the web

http://www.arduino.cc/en/uploads/Main/Arduino_Uno_Rev3-schematic.pdf



With the Proteus software we carry out our schematic. As stated are other entries of how a circuit is done with Proteus, I leave the link so you see it.

http://elblogdejosewa.blogspot.com.es/2015/02/creating-simple-pcb.html

We started with the ATMEGA328P.



We continue with the ATMEGA16U2.



Then powered.



And we finish with the bypass.



Once you have connected components well, we're going to ARES.



If we want to do with the size it is Arduino Uno to place him shields, we must continue indicating the next image.



This will be the view of the plate.



Once our board need to buy components. As we have learned to make the footprints of the components and put the price should not change much, while suppliers do not sell a single component, and must buy minimum lots, I attached the web where you can make purchases.

http://es.rs-online.com/web/
http://es.farnell.com/

In the part of Bill of Materials will leave everything it takes to make our Arduino RS as references are those that have put. I attached a cut image as displayed.


Once they reach the components, we will get to work for the board, in Proteus ARES have an option called Generate Gerber.



We see this message.



We say yes, because we have ensured that we have not left any clues unbound or no potential conflict between tracks between tracks or between components.



It will do the test.



And this should appear and click close, if not put PASSED must correct the error.



We will get this screen and choose according to what we will use as a machine for our board. In my case is CNC so we will choose this.



We chose the location and keep it in a .ZIP, press ok and our archive should leave it.



We get the file to a pen and go to the computer that runs the CNC. The model is as follows.



The protocol we have is us a folder with students on the computer in which consist our plates and a excell document the use we give to the milling and drilling, but later I show the type of drill.
Although we have done what the Gerber, we must tell our CNC parameters that through Circuit Cam program transforms them into a document type that if you understand the CNC for that I leave a video explaining how.

Then we have a video of how to use the Board Master and put strawberries and drills, is now her time to explain that strawberries have given us for the plates are essential and are Orange 0.2mm 8mil for tracks to be skirting finer things and the abode of 1.00mm is the END thousand which is to finish and leave things ready. Which comes with green border are bits of different sizes and then we have one that is cut is called yellow Contour router.



A video of how to get bits and starts the process of making changes via attached.

The next step is to perform milling botton but clear before we know if the drill is up for it we go to the plate and choose with left mouse button a small part of a track that is little conflict and give the chosen tool in the photo.



We give Start and hope to do the selected track, we take the microscope and see.



If we see that the track is in the regulatory measures and are isolated from each proceed forward as shown in the video, if you had the following must regulate to come down here deepen strawberry or strawberry much to climb. One little penetration failure strawberry attached.



We go to the CNC and give roulette drill. Do this until you get it right.



Now enjoy the video of how to do the milling botton.

After milling botton we have to flip to the plate and do the milling top. Video of how the operation is attached.

Once made the top milling cuttingoutside have to do is make the cuts to remove the plate as will be explained later.

Para finalizar tendremos que apagar la CNC, apagar el ordenador y aspirar las virutas de la zona de trabajo dela CNC.

Once we have left to do off the cookie, for this we follow the next video.

Attached are photos of several plates.




Now after making the PCB is put track changes that are made riveting. Attached are photos of the process.





In the next picture we do it is support him and then turn around and drive home to the punch.











After riveting the entire board we have to take the components and soldering, as I have no explanatory video I will attach a video from my partner John Biondi as SMD welding.

And as a final picture welding plate is attached.




To download the files from all the practice you must click on the picture below.

Side Tools

 

 

     Selection cursor

      Components

      Put junction

      Tags

      Text description

      Buses

      Subcircuit

      Terminals, To put voltage, GND and more options

      Put kind of normal pins, invested etc

      Graphic simulation only

      With Pop up for simulation

      Waveform generators

      Probes for simulation

      Simulation tools, oscilloscopes, voltmeters etc

 

Editing and drawing tools

                  

         Lines

         Rectangle

         Circle

         Curve

         Close circuit

         Text

         Library drawings of symbols

         Bookmarks

         Rotate right grades to be marked down

         Rotate left grades to be marked down

         Degrees to enter

         Mirror from left to right and vice versa

         Mirror from top to bottom and vice versa

 

 

 

Top Toolbar

ISIS environment.

First we will explain all functions you can use in the ISIS environment to begin, click on the icon Proteus and we get the following picture. It is understood that ISIS is used to design and simulate the moment only will design and then dedicate a portion simulations uniquely.

ISIS press.

If you click there goes us to the next image.

We will explain from top to bottom and from left to right. This screen will call schematic in which the components are implemented whose representation are standard symbols, ie the diode symbol, strength, operational etc ...

We start by File.

We the utilities that are more likely to use open new project "New proyect" open project "Open Project" save draft "Save Project" save project as "Save proyect as" import image "import image" and if we want to print our design to give to someone in our schematic as "Print desing". Down where to go 1 and some directions are recently opened projects that have up to a limit of 5 to open.

We spent the EDIT tab.

It is noted that although some options are masked with the passage of time will be opened for use, in this case the arrow Undo and Redo, Undo to undo a change is made and Redo to redo a change.

The find / edit component option is to find a component in the schematic, once we place our components and we do not remember where it was located each in this tool will press and we get a menu which will search for the component We will locate in the center of your screen. Le a letter appears next is a short by the keyboard if I press the letter b menu and I get the screen, which later will get to customize your keyboard to lighten our work.

Tools such as cut, paste and copy as we have in the work environment Word. Align objects is to align objects, send to back is to send ATRA and bring to front is sent to the front if we want to overlay an object or image over another. The Tidy desing tool is to clean design.

Next option is View.

We see that the first option is Redraw display which it does is refresh the view initially that is focused image throughout the project.

The following is Toggle Grid, helps us to have a reference grid, whether dots, squares etc ..

The following Toggle tool to put false origin is the source of our screen, since we can coordinate components by default goes in the center of the sheet.

Toggle X X cursor is placed at the tip of the cursor have two options is an x ​​or another small cross-shaped and the other option is to not put any that's how I like to work with me.

Snap, serves to the accuracy we want to have our cursor when drawing and placing components align components is the best pick one up so that aesthetically are not misaligned, but if we put it precisely because smaller . The options we have them in action th which means hundredths of an inch.

The zoom can do it in several ways, I advise you to use the mouse wheel to zoom in (forward) and move away (back).

The next tab is the Tool, which we will use for now little except for the wire autorouter this means that when we go to pull a cable connection and want to go to pin unite and not out connections random angles as this will Cleaning does is give the schematic.

The next tab is Desing, it can design on the blade ie who is the project designer, name etc. We can also go to a sub leaves, and again this helps us if we do a big project and we want to have everything on one sheet, what we do is split it into multiple pages. For our first steps to press the edit option desing properties have enough.

We give OK after filling, this will come good for us later when we remove our bill of materials and due out in the heading and gives a touch of professional.

The Graph tab are not going to use at the moment but we will use when we go to simulate and explained below.

Debug tab like the graph serves to simulate tab as will be explained later.

Tab library serves to find items in library that is in ISIS or create our own libraries.

Press library manager there we will leave the following screen.

Now we go down and give it to create library, and we get the following screen.

In name we put the name of the library that we want and give it to save. We will get how many entries we have, if we do then we put many symbols 200. He later explained to the point of having a library itself.

Next tab is Template.

In set desing we will get it colored.

On paper color is the background color of our sheet. The grid as the color of the points, you usually leave it as these colors are roughly equal for all, what I like to change is the background because in grís looks better than white.

The rest is change settings to your liking on letters, points, but that's not what most people do, so tell that to change options regarding our staff are there in Template. At the end there is a choice if we want to have a template as a standard of our work, so we loaded each time we started our staff and we have to make our boxes with name, project name, version etc ..., which we will explain how it should be a template.

Tab Sistem, one of the main tabs to customize our ISIS.

The first option would not touch it unless you know a lot, but for normal use not worth it.

The next thing is to see in September Keyboard mapping it can make our commands to shorten paths going to make an example so you can see that as done and what is ahead, for example perform a text I have custom that when you press the T key and have the tool selected and not have to go to the text icon, or the cursor if we give the space key.

We're in command groups and commands mode selection down as seen in the image below.

Then hit puts 2D graphics Text Mode and Key sequence for ... put the letter kermes and click Assign and so with all the keys and symbols to our liking. Theirs is to use common commands us to use as a control + C to copy the P to remove the elements, C for circles, R for square, J to juntion, L for Label, etc ..

The Help tab it is to help with the program, we are not going to use.